What is a VPN, and how do you choose a good service?

A VPN (virtual private network) creates an encrypted tunnel between your device and a server run by a VPN provider. Your traffic exits to the internet from that server, so websites see the server's IP address instead of yours, and anyone on your local network sees encrypted traffic to the VPN.

It hides the content and destination of your traffic from your local network and internet provider, and it hides your real IP address from the sites you visit. It does not hide you from sites you log into, browser fingerprinting or cookies, or the VPN provider itself.

No. A VPN improves privacy but does not provide complete anonymity. Accounts, cookies, device fingerprints and payment details can still identify you. A VPN is one useful layer of privacy, not a replacement for sensible security habits.

A VPN is useful on public or hotel Wi-Fi, when you need to reach a service that is restricted on your network or in your region, when travelling, or when you do not want your internet provider building a browsing profile. For ordinary home browsing with HTTPS, the benefit is more modest than the marketing suggests.

Compare the provider's privacy policy and independent audits, server locations, supported devices, modern protocols, speed, customer support, refund terms and total price after any introductory offer. A long server list is not useful if the provider is vague about privacy or regularly slows down.

Treat free VPNs carefully. Running exit servers and maintaining apps costs money, so some free services monetise through advertising, data collection or selling access to your connection. If a provider does not clearly explain how it is funded, choose a reputable paid service with transparent policies instead.

A no-logs policy means the provider claims not to store connection or traffic records. You cannot verify that claim from the policy alone, so look for independent audits, published transparency reports, clear data-retention terms and a track record of explaining legal requests.

Usually a little. Encryption adds overhead and your traffic takes a detour through the VPN server. A nearby server and a modern protocol such as WireGuard generally keep the difference small, while distant servers and congested networks can have a larger effect.

A proxy usually routes a single application, often just your browser, and may not encrypt the connection. A VPN service routes traffic from the device through an encrypted tunnel at the operating-system level. Proxies are lighter; VPNs are more comprehensive.

It depends on the provider. Many services allow several simultaneous connections, while others offer family plans or router support instead. Check the device limit and supported platforms before choosing a plan, especially if you want to cover phones, computers, TVs and a router.

In most countries, yes, and businesses use VPNs routinely. A handful of countries restrict or ban their use, and a VPN does not make otherwise illegal activity legal. Streaming and gaming platforms may also restrict VPN use in their terms.